Stefanie Glaubitz, Rachel Zeng, Goran Rakocevic and Jens Schmidt* Pages 863 - 880 ( 18 )
Inflammatory myopathies, in short, myositis, are heterogeneous disorders that are characterized by inflammation of skeletal muscle and weakness of arms and legs. Research over the past few years has led to a new understanding regarding the pathogenesis of myositis. The new insights include different pathways of the innate and adaptive immune response during the pathogenesis of myositis. The importance of non-inflammatory mechanisms such as cell stress and impaired autophagy has been recently described. New target-specific drugs for myositis have been developed and are currently being tested in clinical trials. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of action of pharmacological standards in myositis and provide an outlook of future treatment approaches.
Inflammatory myopathies, myositis, disease mechanisms, treatment, immunosuppression, biologic agents, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, inclusion body myositis, necrotizing myopathy, anti-synthetase syndrome.
Department of Neurology, Muscle Immunobiology Group, Neuromuscular Center, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Department of Neurology, Muscle Immunobiology Group, Neuromuscular Center, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Department of Neurology, Muscle Immunobiology Group, Neuromuscular Center, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen